Language Attitudes and Identity: Perspectives on the Use of Bomu by native Bomu speakers in Bamako

Özet

This study investigates the language attitudes of native Bwa toward their language Bomu in Bamako, Mali. Bomu, a language spoken by the Bwa, faces marginalization in favor of dominant languages like French, Bamanankan, Arabic, and English. The ongoing language shift stems from perceptions of Bomu as less prestigious or economically advantageous. The research investigates how native Bomu speakers perceive their language and how these perceptions shape their linguistic behaviors. It relies on semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions conducted with 50 native Bomu speakers. Social Identity Theory and Language Attitude Theory provide insights into the connection between language use and identity. The findings revealed a strong connection between Bomu and cultural identity, with 85% of participants valuing Bomu for preserving cultural heritage, yet a language shift is evident as younger generations increasingly favor Bamanankan and French for their perceived practical and socioeconomic advantages. Participants recommended incorporating Bomu into education, media, and cultural initiatives to revitalize the language and ensure its transmission to future generations. Bomu plays a vital role in the cultural identity of the Bwa people; however, its survival is threatened by urbanization and the dominance of other languages. To preserve and promote Bomu in contemporary Mali, concerted efforts in education, media, and community engagement are required.